How much water does a dishwasher use?
How much water does a dishwasher use?
Dishwasher water usage
Modern dishwashers are designed to be efficient in water consumption, using 5 gallons of water per cycle maximum when manufactured on or after May 30, 2013. Older models can consume between 6.5 and 16 gallons per cycle. Besides the manufacturing date, water consumption for dishwashers depends on the size, efficiency rating, and the wash setting used.
| Year of manufacture | Water usage per cycle |
|---|---|
| 2013 – present | 5.0 gallons or less* |
| 2010 –2013 | 5.0 – 6.5 gallons |
| 1994 – 2010 | 6.5 – 10.0 gallons |
| Before 1994 | 10.0 – 16.0 gallons |
*Some high-efficiency models use only 1.65 gallons per cycle.
In 2024, the Department of Energy (DOE) amended the energy conservation standards for dishwashers. This amendment requires that by 2027, the water consumption on any new dishwasher must be no more than 3.3 gallons per cycle for standard-size units and 3.1 gallons per cycle for compact models.
Factors that affect dishwasher water usage
Several factors influence how much water a dishwasher uses:
Age: Older dishwashers typically use more water than newer models. Dishwashers manufactured before 1994 might use as much as 10 to 16 gallons per cycle.
Size: Standard-size dishwashers use more water than compact models, but they also have a larger capacity.
Make & model: Different brands and models vary in their water efficiency. Some high-end models use even less than the DOE standards.
ENERGY STAR Label: ENERGY STAR certified dishwashers are designed to be more water and energy-efficient than standard models.
Settings: Many dishwashers offer various cycle options, such as normal, heavy, or eco. These settings can significantly affect water usage. Sanitize settings typically use a longer rinse cycle with a hotter water temperature to kill bacteria.
If you're building a new house, save even more energy and further lower the cost to run your dishwasher by installing the water heater as close to the dishwasher as possible.
Dishwasher vs. hand washing water usage
Contrary to popular belief, using a dishwasher is often more efficient than hand washing dishes. Most modern dishwashers use 5 gallons per cycle or less—much less water than washing dishes by hand, especially when you're cleaning a full load.
When you factor in the running time needed for the water to get hot and the time the water runs when rinsing the dishes, hand washing can use 27+ gallons per load. Even a hand washing method that uses a water-filled sink typically uses more water than a dishwasher cycle.
Most experts agree, you do not need to pre-rinse your dishes before putting them in the dishwasher. Dishwashers, when loaded correctly, are designed to handle food soil and grease, so pre-rinsing just wastes water. Simply scrape any remaining food off, and load!
FAQs about dishwasher water use
Do dishwashers use hot water or heat their own?
Most dishwashers are connected to the home's hot water supply and use this water for cleaning. However, they also have internal heating elements to boost water temperature for more effective cleaning and sanitizing.
Can I use softener salt in a dishwasher?
Yes, softener salt can be used in dishwashers with built-in water softeners. This helps prevent limescale buildup and improves cleaning performance in areas with hard water. Be sure to use softener salt specifically made for dishwashers, as it is typically finer ground than standard water softener salt.
Can you use a dishwasher without hot water?
While it's possible to use a dishwasher without hot water, it's not recommended. Hot water is crucial for effectively dissolving detergent and removing grease and food particles. Using cold water may result in poor cleaning performance.
How to improve your dishwasher's efficiency
Follow these tips to maximize your dishwasher's efficiency and minimize water usage, reducing your energy costs as well as the environmental impact:
Fill, but don't overfill: Load your dishwasher to capacity, but avoid overcrowding, which can prevent proper cleaning.
Load it correctly: Place dishes according to the manufacturer's instructions to ensure optimal cleaning and water circulation.
Keep it clean: Regularly clean the filters and spray arms to maintain efficiency.
Maintain it: Address any leaks or malfunctions promptly to prevent water waste. Most dishwasher repairs cost $100 to $300.
Air dry: Use the air-dry setting or open the door slightly after the wash cycle to save energy.
Use the appropriate setting: Choose eco-friendly or water-saving cycles when possible.
Upgrade your older unit: If your dishwasher is over 10 years old, consider replacing it with a more efficient model. A new dishwasher costs $400 to $1,200, and dishwasher installation labor costs $200 to $500 when using your existing connections.
Using our proprietary cost database, in-depth research, and collaboration with industry experts, we deliver accurate, up-to-date pricing and insights you can trust, every time.